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So, those are the intervals between each chord in the chord scale! When the key changes (e.g. if we change key from A major to B major), then we just move this whole pattern accordingly, still keeping those W and H intervals in between the chords.
For example, a very common major key progression is: I IV V (e.g. E, A, B)
Keep learning and experimenting and everything will become clear very soon.
The H stands for "half step" - this is the equivalent of a single fret space on your guitar. So, if you were back on the 3rd fret on the low E string, moving up a half step would put you at the 4th fret (the note Ab).
Another common one is: vi IV I V (e.g. C#m, A, E, B)
If you've been playing guitar for even just a short amount of time, I'm sure you'll have heard of "scales". The most common scales guitarists think of are related to lead guitar/soloing, where a harmony is created one note at a time. However, there are also "chord scales", which work in a similar way to regular scales, but this time the scale represents a sequence of chords.
So you can basically mix the sequence around a bit and pull out your own chord progression.
Those songs we hear on the mainstream airwaves - simple, aren't they? They also follow a very similar formula. This formula is seen by many as the basis of "western music", and popular music especially makes use of organic "rules", just as the physical universe has its own mysterious laws.
I ii iii IV V vi vii
Now, if the "I" (tonic) chord is A major, how would we know what chords the other numerals represent? Well, as it's a chord scale, it's all about the intervals in between each chord in the scale.
So, what does that mean?! Firstly, the use of Roman numerals I won't get into right now, but there is a very good reason for using them (trust me!)
The more you learn about this stuff, the more you realise how closely related regular scales and chord scales are. Then you realise how closely individual chords are related to both the chord scale and regular scale.
This is our "pot" from which we can pull our major key progression (we'll look at minor key another time!)
Most songs are written in a major key or a minor key, but both types are based on the same sequence of chords. Let's take a look at the major key chord scale to make this a bit clearer:
"I" is known as the "tonic chord" as it's the first chord in the chord scale. This is the chord that defines the key of a song (or part of a song). If the tonic chord is A major, then the key of the song is most likely the same, A major.
Also, to make it more interesting, we can modify and extend the chords themselves. For example, instead of just playing a regular E major chord, we could play E7 or Eadd9. However, knowing how to spice individual chords up is a whole lesson in itself.
You're probably thinking "is it really that simple?" well, this is only the very basic application of the chord scale, and although many songs only use sequences from within this scale, it's often more interesting to include chords that lie outside the scale. These are known as "gateway" chords that create links between the chords within the chord scale.
The W stands for "whole step" - this is the equivalent of a two fret space on your guitar. So, if you were on the 3rd fret on the low E string (the note G), moving up a whole step would put you at the 5th fret (the note A).
I - W - ii - W - iii - H - IV - W - V - W - vi - W - vii - H - then the cycle begins again at I!
Writing Your Own Songs On Guitar
So where do we go from here? This article should have got you in the right frame of mind to delve deeper into the theory behind this. There are many decent resources on the web to help you (and don't forget the paper guitar books!)
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